Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic uses
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins.
Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins, produced by anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridium, are the most toxic proteins known and are the sole responsible for the pathogenesis of tetanus and botulism. They enter peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals and cleave proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus causing a persistent, but reversible, inhibition of neurotransmitter release. Botulinum neuro...
متن کاملCentral effects of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins.
Tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) and botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs; from A to G) are metalloproteases that act on nerve terminals to prevent exocytosis. They are extensively exploited for the study of cellular physiology. Moreover, BoNTs are also employed in clinical neurology for the treatment of several disorders characterized by hyperexcitability of peripheral nerve terminals. This review summarizes...
متن کاملTherapeutic Uses of Botulinum Toxin
The most poisonous substance known to man, botulinum toxin has successfully established itself as a therapeutic agent over the years. Initially used to treat strabismus, botulinum toxin is now an accepted treatment in a wide spectrum of disorders and has over a 100 potential medical applications. The somewhat loosely-applied term 'wonder drug' could not be better employed to describe the remedi...
متن کاملTherapeutic applications of botulinum neurotoxins in head and neck disorders.
OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to review the mechanism of action, physiological effects, and therapeutic applications of botulinum neurotoxins in the head and neck area. STUDY DESIGN An extensive literature search was performed using keywords. The resulting articles were analyzed for relevance in four areas: overview on botulinum neurotoxins, the role of botulinum neurotoxins in the man...
متن کاملMechanism of action of neurotoxins.
This paper is a summary of studies over the past few years that pertain to animal neurotoxins. These toxins are found throughout the animal kingdom. Homologies exist in the structures of these poisons within classes and point to conservation of active sites throughout evolution. In the case of the peptides, invariant amino acids may be involved in the active site, be essential for maintaining t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
سال: 1999
ISSN: 0962-8436,1471-2970
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1999.0377